A. Define Your TopicB. Create Research QuestionsC. Identify ConceptsD. Broaden/Narrow Topic
A. Current vs. Historical InformationB. Popular vs. ScholarlyC. Primary vs. Secondary Sources
A. Search ToolsB. Search Strategies
A. Why Evaluate?B. Guide to Evaluating Sources
A. Background on Citing SourcesB. How to Cite
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Research Process: Getting Started 

A guide to assist students in conducting research using the wide variety of information sources available to them.
Last update: Nov 18th, 2009 URL: http://researchguides.library.syr.edu/researchprocess  Print Guide  RSS Updates

C. Primary vs. Secondary Sources             Print Page
  

Subsections

 
 

Introduction

You've probably heard the terms primary and secondary by professors or librarians when discussing information sources for research. So you know there are two varieties of information, but what exactly is the difference?

 

Primary vs. Secondary Information

Primary
Secondary

Overview

 

 

 

A source can be considered primary if it is a first-hand account of an event or person. A primary source is created during the time period or event being researched and has yet to be critiqued. The Library's Special Collections Research Center contains many unique collections of primary sources.

A secondary source contains information that is an interpretation of an event, person, or research. It may use primary sources to build its critique or evaluation. This type of source can be written by scholars, researchers, professionals, or journalists.

 

Types of Sources

 

 

 

 

 

 

  • Audio recording
  • Original documents (diary or letter)
  • Lab report
  • Interview
  • Government publication
  • Original research
  • Film footage from the occurrence of an event
  • Books that offer criticism or an interpretation of a subject
  • Journal articles
  • Textbooks
  • Anthologies
  • Encyclopedias

 

Examples

 

 

 

 

 

  • Mark Twain's Autobiography
  • Film footage showing the fall of the twin towers on 9/11
  • A letter between a World War II soldier and his family
  • Audio recording of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech
  • John F. Kennedy, A Political Biography
  • Journal article comparing the U.S. athletic apparel industry with Germany's athletic apparel industry
  • Ken Burns' film, The Civil War
 
 
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